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BEIJING, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese leaders offered their Spring Festival greetings to the nation at a gathering to mark the coming Lunar New Year here Saturday.     President Hu Jintao chaired the gathering of more than 4,000 people from various sections of society.     On behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the State Council, Hu, who is general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, conveyed festival greetings to all Chinese people and his thanks to the friends of China across the world.     Premier Wen Jiabao, who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, delivered a speech.     2008 was an extraordinary year for China, in which the country succeeded in fighting the severe winter weather, the May 12 earthquake, in hosting the Beijing Olympics and launching the Shenzhou-7 manned spacecraft and actively coping with the current international financial crisis, he said.     The achievements "demonstrated that no difficulty could defeat the great Chinese people and the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics will be broadened," he said.     The country will embrace the 60th founding anniversary of new China in 2009, Wen said.     Priority should be given to maintaining stable and relatively fast economic growth this year. This will be achieved through expanding domestic demand especially consumption demand, restructuring the economy and transforming the growth pattern, he said.     All will ultimately target maximally satisfying people's increasing material and cultural needs, he added.     In 2009, China will enhance and improve macroeconomic control efforts and carry out an active fiscal policy, as well as a moderately easy monetary policy, he said.     "We have the confidence and the ability to overcome various difficulties and achieve further development," he added.     The government will pool strength of the nation to do some practical things for the people, including expanding employment, improving the social security system, promoting medicare system reform, enhancing development of the cultural industry, and ensuring smooth rebuilding in disaster-hit areas, he said.     The government will also strive to solve people's housing difficulties and to provide satisfactory education that ensures no child drops out of school because of financial difficulties, he said.     Other leaders, including Wu Bangguo, Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang, also attended the gathering.     Spring Festival, or the Chinese Lunar New Year, is the most important traditional Chinese festival of family reunion. It falls on Jan. 26 this year.

SHANGHAI, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- A senior Chinese leader has urged Shanghai, the country's major economic hub, to use the global financial crisis as a driving force to pursue economic restructuring. Jia Qinglin (C), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, visits Shanghai Electric Nuclear Power Equipment Co. Ltd., in Shanghai, east China, on Dec. 20, 2008. Jia Qinglin paid a visit to Shanghai from Dec. 19 to Dec. 21.     Shanghai should focus on developing equipment manufacturing, modern logistics, financial services, electronic commerce, culture innovations and capsulation, said Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), during his trip to Shanghai from Dec. 19-21 .     Shanghai should try to establish a new advantage in competition and make use of its advantage of having a strong power in science and technology, said Jia.     The city should center its economic growth on increasing domestic demands while trying every means to maintain a stable growth in export, the CPPCC leader said.     During his stay in the city, Jia visited an exhibition on the 2010 Shanghai World Expo and studied the construction of the expo zone, with company of Shanghai Party Chief Yu Zhengsheng and Shanghai Mayor Han Zheng. He urged the city to do a good job in preparations for the world expo. Jia Qinglin (R), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, talks to an employee at SAIC Motor Passenger Vehicle Company on in Shanghai, China, on Dec. 20, 2008. Jia Qinglin paid a visit to Shanghai from Dec. 19 to Dec. 21.     He also visited several industrial development zones and research institutions, to see how local companies are operating with the impacts of the global financial crisis.     In talks with local officials, Jia attached priority to finding out ways to help the country's economy develop in a stable and relatively fast way, under the current complicated international and domestic situation.     "We must unify our thinking and action to the analysis and judgment of the Central Authorities as well as the arrangements made by the Central Authorities," said Jia, who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau.     Jia talked with company employees and ordinary citizens, inquiring into their life and listening to their complaints and demands. He called for a pro-active employment policy.     During his visit, the top political advisor visited leading officials of the Municipal Committee of the CPPCC, the Municipal United Front Department, and local branches of non-communist parties and the Municipal Federation of Industry and Commerce.     He urged them to play roles as "think tank" for the government and a channel to convey people's concern to the government.

UNITED NATIONS, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) -- Zhang Yesui, the Chinese permanent representative to the United Nations, met with Susan Rice, the new U.S. ambassador to the world body, here on Monday afternoon, and they exchanged views on the Sino-U.S. relations and other world and regional issues of common concern, diplomatic sources said here Tuesday.     During the meeting, Rice briefed Zhang on the key points of the foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration, the sources said.     The two sides also exchanged views on the Sino-U.S. relations, and other international and regional issues of common concern. They agreed to strengthen their consultation on and cooperation in the affairs of the United Nations, the sources said.     The new U.S. ambassador made her UN debut on Monday by presenting her credentials to UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.

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BEIJING, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao held a telephone conversation with his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama on bilateral ties Friday, with both sides expressing the willingness to further the ties.     The Chinese president said China is ready to strengthen dialogue, promote mutual trust and expand cooperation with the United States in a bid to confront various global challenges together and push forward a stable development of the Sino-U.S. relationship.     Hu said the core interest of either country should be respected by each other and taken into consideration.     As the contagious financial crisis is still producing severe influence to national economies and people's lives, the international community should strengthen coordination and promote closer cooperation to stand up to the challenge, Hu said.     Describing the Sino-U.S. ties as the most important bilateral relations for both sides, Obama said enhancing bilateral constructive dialogue and cooperation is in the interest of not only the two countries themselves, but the world at large.     The U.S. side is expecting closer cooperation with China on major international and regional issues, he said, adding that the U.S. government is willing to join hands with China to develop a more active and constructive bilateral relationship.     Hu Jintao said China acknowledged U.S. efforts in stabilizing the financial market and stimulating the economy, adding that China is willing to further strengthen communication and coordination with the U.S. side in macroeconomic policies, and firmly oppose trade and investment protectionism.     Hu said China will join hands with the United States to work toward fruitful achievements in April's Group of 20 (G20) summit in London and promote healthy and stable development of the world economy and finance.     Obama said it is crucial for the United States and China, the two most important economies, to enhance cooperation.     Both sides exchanged visit invitations. The two leaders agreed to meet in the Group of 20 (G20) summit slated for April in London.

BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese media selected the 10 most popular phrases from the past three decades to mark the official 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, which falls on this month.     When China began to reform and open-up 30 years ago, people began experiencing, seeing and doing new things. In fact things were so new, they needed to create new words to describe what was happening.     In order of popularity, starting with number one:     "Go in for business"     In the 1980s when China was starting to transition from a planned economy to a market economy, it had a two-track pricing system (official and market prices) for industrial raw materials, including steel, non-ferrous metals, timber and coal.     Seeing business opportunities within the pricing system, many people, especially government employees and those from state-run factories or institutes, quit their jobs to open their own businesses.     "Going for business" was often used to refer to the phenomena of people breaking away from the constraints of a planned system to embrace the market economy. 　　"Be laid off and get re-employed"     To adapt to the market economy and improve competitiveness of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the 1990s, China began restructuring.     "Encouraging mergers, standardizing bankruptcy, laying off and reassigning redundant workers, streamlining for higher efficiency" was a guideline in the SOEs reforms.     No official statistics show how many workers were laid off during that period, but experts estimate the number could be tens of millions.     To avoid social unrest and help most of those workers find new jobs, the Chinese central government offered occupational trainings, small loans and preferential tax policies.     "Migrant worker"     China's reform and opening-up drive started in rural areas in 1978 with collectively-owned farmland contracted to individual families. This freed about 100 million peasants from farm work.     However, most of these people were tied to the countryside by a residence-based rationing system for virtually everything, including food. About 63 million of these former farmers were given jobs in village-run enterprises that mushroomed in those days.     A policy change in 1984 allowed them to find jobs in cities but the massive migration of rural laborers didn't start until after China decided to move to a market economy in 1992.     The rapid inflow of investors created many construction, factory and mining jobs, most of which urban dwellers consider too tiring or dirty.     The number of migrants grew from 60 million in 1992 to 120 million in 2003 and 210 million this year, according to central government figures.     The work of the migrant population has generated 21 percent of China's gross domestic product in the past 30 years, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences has found. But migrant workers face various problems, including delayed pay schedules, no or low work-place injury compensation, lack of health care and little schooling for their children.     "It doesn't matter if a cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice."     This sentence was used by late leader Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China's reform and opening-up, on different occasions to clear up doubts as to whether the economic reform was capitalist or socialist.     The sentence helped stop ideological arguments at the early stage of reform and encouraged generations of Chinese to pursue their dreams in the market economy. 　　"Surfing the Internet"     The Internet was introduced in China more than 10 years ago. It quickly gained popularity and impacted society.     While online music, instant communication services, video streaming and online games greatly entertained millions of Chinese, the Internet also became a powerful news medium where information was disclosed, shared and publicized quickly.     Through June, China had 221 million netizens, according to the Data Center of China Internet (DCCI). The netizen population, which had already surpassed that of the United States to become the world's largest, would increase to 263 million by the end of this year, DCCI forecasted.     E-commerce transactions amounted to 2 trillion yuan (about 300 billion U.S. dollars) in 2007 and 25 percent of netizens had bought something online after "surfing the Internet" as of June this year. 　　"Reform and opening-up"     In 1978, a group of villagers from Xiaogang village in eastern Anhui Province decided to adopt a household contract responsibility system, which entrusted the management and production of public owned farmland to individual households through long-term contracts.     Later the system, described by then Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping as "a great invention of Chinese farmers", was widely adopted across the country and triggered economic reform.     Over the past 30 years, the country witnessed significant changes in comprehensive national strength, people's living standards and international influence thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.     China's share of the world's combined gross output rose to 6 percent at the end of 2007, compared with just 1.8 percent in 1978when its reform and opening-up began, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     Fast economic growth over the past 30 years lifted China's GDP ranking in the world from 10th in 1978 to fourth after the United States, Japan and Germany     According to the NBS, China's per capita income jumped to 2,360U.S. dollars in 2007 from 190 U.S. dollars in 1978.     "Beijing Olympic Games"     Many believe that without opening-up, it would be impossible for China to host the 2008 Beijing Olympics.     The Games, commended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Jacques Rogge as "truly exceptional", were seen by the world as China's come-of-age show on the international stage.     China grabbed a total of 100 medals at the Beijing Games -- a coincidence as the country dreamt for 100 years to be the Olympic host -- and overtook the United States to top the gold medal count with 51.     As the most watched Games in history, with an estimated 4.5 billion TV and Internet viewers, the Beijing Olympics attracted the most participants, who were from a record 204 countries and regions.     "Speculate in stocks"     In 1990, China opened its first stock exchange in Shanghai, the country's industrial and financial center. In 1991, it set up its second bourse in Shenzhen, the country's first special economic zone.     China witnessed waves of stock crazes over the years and fluctuations in the stock market touch the nerves of millions of Chinese.     In 2007, the country saw a bull stock market, with the key benchmark Shanghai Composite Index soaring from 2,728 points in January to 5,261 points, or 92.85 percent, on December 28.     In fact, the market has been on a bullish run for 29 months from June 6, 2005 to November 2007, longer than the general bullish market cycle of 17 to 24 months.     But it has dipped since last November.     "Chinese characteristics"     The phrase became well-known as an answer by late leader Deng to the question of how China could improve its productivity and people's lives with its less-developed economy.     Deng's answer was "to build socialism with Chinese characteristics". It means China has its own way of development rather than copying other countries' experiences.     The phrase is frequently quoted by the Chinese and used in China's official documents.     "Rise abruptly"     The phrase, or "Xiong Qi" in Chinese meaning "Go! Go!", is a dialect of southwest China's Sichuan Province. It was originally used by football fans to inspire teams in the 1990s.     The phrase soon became popular among the Chinese public and was used widely outside the sports field to encourage people to keep up their spirits.     After the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan, Chinese used the phrase to show their care and support to the quake-affected areas and people.     The 10 phrases were selected by 15 Chinese media, including the Beijing Evening News, the Shanghai Evening Post, the Tianjin-based Jin Wan Bao, the Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News and the Shanxi Evening News.     Newspapers, which are based in 15 provinces and municipalities, started soliciting catch phrases from the public in October, according to the Beijing Evening News.     The list, voted on by readers and netizens, was publicized in Shanghai on Saturday.

GENEVA, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- The World Economic Forum (WEF) is "very proud" that it has managed to maintain "very positive" ties with China, a senior WEF official has said.     "We all know that China is an important factor in the future evolution and development of worldwide economy. So we are all very interested in what China will be doing," said Andre Schneider, managing director and chief operating officer of the Geneva-based organization.     In a recent interview with Xinhua before next week's opening of the 2009 WEF annual meeting, also known as the Davos Forum, in the Swiss Alpine skiing resort Davos.     More than 40 heads of state or government, including Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, and some 1,400 business leaders, have confirmed their participation at the five-day meeting scheduled to deal with the ongoing financial crisis and other global challenges.     Premier Wen's participation will certainly be "a unique opportunity" for the world to better understand what are the plans of the Chinese leadership to deal with the crisis, Schneider said.     Schneider noted the first two WEF annual meetings of the new champions, dubbed "Summer Davos Forum," were both held in China, in Dalian in 2007 and Tianjin a year later.     The success of the "Summer Davos Forum," a gathering of new multinational companies from China and across the world to explore the mechanisms of continued and sustainable growth, indicated the strong collaboration between the two sides, he said.     The WEF's choice of China as the host of the "Summer Davos Forum" was "an absolutely right one," he said.     Schneider noted that cooperation between the WEF and China started in 1979, when China first sent a delegation to the Davos Forum.     China and its economic growth has been a topic of interest for participants at the Davos Forum in recent years.     In June 2006, the organization opened a representative office in Beijing, which aims to deal with all interactions with China. "It's a clear sign of our deepened collaboration," he said.

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BEIJING, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao urged the promotion of stable agricultural and rural economic development and said issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers should continue to be the top priority of the Communist Party of China (CPC).     Hu, also General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, made the remarks during a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on Friday. Attendees at the meeting studied the means to promote agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.     Maintaining stable agricultural and rural economic development was more important under current circumstance, Hu said.     Agricultural production was the basic support to stimulate economic growth; rural areas had the potential to boost domestic demand; and to improve farmers' living standards was a major task and also a difficult job, he said.     He called for more efforts on three major tasks of agricultural work.     First, greater importance should be laid on ensuring the country's grain security and supplies of major agricultural products.     The country should stick to the most strict system to protect and save farming land as well as stabilize the grain sowing area, Hu said.     He said the government should increase subsidies for agricultural production and continue to raise the minimum state purchasing prices for grain.     In the latest move to protect farmers' interests and boost grain output, the National Development and Reform Commission said Saturday it would raise the minimum state purchasing prices for rice in major rice-producing areas by as much as 16.9 percent this year.     Hu also stressed the quality supervision and monitoring of agricultural products to ensure food safety.     Second, more importance should be attached to promote rural infrastructure construction as well as improve social welfare and living standard of farmers, he said.     He urged increasing capital input in infrastructure construction and rural social welfare and said greater efforts should be made to improve rural education, medical services and poverty alleviation.     Third, an array of measures should be taken to promote the growth of farmers' income and expand the rural market, Hu said.     He urged more efforts to discover new measures and channels to boost farmers' income and improve the commodity circulation network in rural areas.     The program of subsidized home appliance, autos and motorcycles should be promoted, he said.     He also urged quality authorities to make best efforts to protect farmers' interests and avoid fake and shabby products flowing in to rural markets.     Speaking of rural workers employment, Hu said governments should encourage enterprises to be more responsible and employ more rural workers.     The governments could also provide more job opportunities for rural workers by letting them work on the infrastructure projects amid the country's efforts to boost domestic demand, he said.     More support should be given to migrant workers who returned because of employment difficulty in cities and encourage them to start their own businesses, Hu said.     He also suggested Party leaders and governments at all levels should apply the scientific outlook on development to their work to deal with the emerging problems and challenges facing agricultural and rural economic development, and contribute more to promoting rural reform, development and stability.

    BEIJING, Jan. 13, 2009 (Xinhua) -- Hu Jintao, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, on Tuesday urged the Party's anti-corruption body to "firmly correct official wrongdoings" that harm public interests.     Addressing a plenary session of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the ruling Party's internal anti-corruption body, Hu said Party officials should maintain their political integrity and lead the people to overcome difficulties amid hardships. Hu Jintao, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, addresses the third plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 13, 2009.     The CPC committees, governments and the Party's discipline organs at all levels had maintained a rigorous crackdown on all forms of corruption since the Party's 17th National Congress in 2007, said Hu, also Chinese president.     He called on the Party's discipline organs to focus on power abuse, bribery and misconduct, pledging that no corrupt officials would be allowed to escape punishment.     "We should be fully aware that the fight against corruption needs long-term, complicated and tough efforts," said Hu.     "In the anti-corruption efforts, we should also pay attention to both punishment and prevention and achieve effects to earn trust from the people and provide solid assurance for reform, development and stability," he said.          ATTACH IMPORTANCE TO PARTY MEMBER'S INTEGRITY     Hu said that in the face of complicated and changing international situations and domestic reforms, the integrity of officials at all levels was vital to keep steady economic growth and social harmony.     Officials' integrity and honesty would determine their behavior at work and off duty, Hu said. Officials should consciously adhere to socialist core value judgments as well as the Party's basic theories and policies.     Self-discipline and supervision must be relied on to cultivate clean and dedicated model leaders and the discipline organs should conduct unremitting education on virtue and morality, Hu said.     To realize the objectives, he urged the CCDI to carry out more education and supervision of Party officials, and ensure against abuse of authority.     Supervision and inspection should also be promoted and implemented in major decision making and deployment in accordance with the scientific outlook on development, Hu said.     The disciplinary organs should also push harder on investigations to corruption cases and deal with corruption problems in most high-risk departments or governmental affairs, he added.     Hu emphasized six aspects in the Party's anti-corruption work for immediate concentration:     -- Party officials should always ask the people for political advices, basic needs and suggestions for resolving social problems, and try harder to take practical measures to tackle public difficulties.     -- Officials should make more efforts to learn Party theories and policies and increase their capabilities to deal with complex situations by applying theory to practice.     -- Officials should always remember their duties and responsibilities endowed by the Party and people, and fulfill their assignment with more devotion.     -- Officials should hold a correct concept of political achievements by respecting and seeking truth in their work.     -- Officials should always prioritize people's interests and refrain from seeking personal gains or furthering their own interests.     -- Officials should maintain the Party's solidity and unity, and strictly abide by Party rules and regulations. They also should increase economic awareness to frugally conduct all undertakings.     Hu urged Party committees at all levels to regard strengthening education on integrity and honesty for officials as an important task in managing the Party by strict rules.     He also encouraged the Party's self-discipline organs to bravely fight all forms of corruption and illegalities, calling on Party committees to support anti-graft work.     Statistics from the commission showed that 4,960 officials above county head level were punished nationwide during the year ending last November.     The session was presided over by He Guoqiang, head of the CCDI. At present were other senior CPC officials Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang and Zhou Yongkang.

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BEIJING, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- China's government on Friday pledged to make every effort to ensure the safe release of the crew of a Chinese fishing boat seized by Somali pirates off east Africa.     The Chinese Foreign Ministry issued a statement saying it was still assessing the situation and trying to obtain more information on the vessel, which was overrun late on Thursday.     The ministry would work with organizations abroad to ensure the safe release of the crew, according to the statement.     The vessel, owned by Tianjin Ocean Fishing Company, was hijacked by pirates armed with grenade launchers and automatic weapons off the coast of Kenya and was being held off the southern Somali port city of Kismanyu, according to reports on Friday.     The 24 crew comprised 16 Chinese, one Japanese, three Filipinos and four Vietnamese, according to China's Ministry of Transport.     A Somali pirate leader reportedly said all the crew members were "fine".

WUHAN, Jan. 14 (Xinhua) -- Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter said Wednesday he believes the incoming administration of President-elect Barack Obama will expand common interests of the United States and China.     Carter, 84, flew to central China's Hubei Province after attending a series of events in Beijing to mark the 30th anniversary of China-U.S. diplomatic ties. Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter (2nd L, front) and his wife (3rd L, front) pose in front of a local medical center at a village in Hong'an County, central China's Hubei Province, on Jan. 14, 2009.     He visited a memorial hall for Li Xiannian, who was Chinese president from June 1983 to April 1988. The memorial hall is located in Hong'an County, the hometown of Li.     Carter said the two countries had witnessed rapid growth in cooperation, and U.S.-China ties had become the most important bilateral link in the world.     Meeting with Hubei Governor Li Hongzhong, Carter said he felt very proud of the decision with former Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping to resume ties. Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter (L) receives a souvenir from Li Hongzhong, governor of Hubei Province, in Wuhan, capital of central China's Hubei Province, on Jan. 14, 2009.     Carter said a deeper U.S.-China friendship helped to maintain peace and stability in the whole world.     He said China's reform and opening-up policy brought about dramatic changes, creating an economic miracle. Deng Xiaoping and other Chinese leaders had indeed changed China with their wisdom.     Calling Carter an old friend of the Chinese people, the governor appreciated the former U.S. president's important role in forging bilateral ties. He called for closer economic and cultural cooperation between both countries.     Carter is scheduled to fly to Shanghai on Thursday.