事业单位考试时事政治6月份132题

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Mixed feelings over buying Japanese productsHonda, Canon, Fuji, Sony, Mitsubishi, Asahi, Sumitomo, Shiseido, Square Enix and Daiichi Pharmaceutical apart from being Japanese, these brands have something else in common. They are all immensely popular in China. Chinese consumers, with a collective memory of the eight-year Japanese invasion and Japanese prime ministers' constant visits to the Yasukuni Shrine that honors war criminals, have mixed feelings toward these leading brands. To a recent poll by China Daily on its website (www.chinadaily.com.cn), which posed the question "Have you bought any products made in Japan over the past two years, and why?", 45.63 percent of the respondents said "yes", while 44.04 percent said they had not, and the rest of the 1,065 respondents made no comment. Most people, the survey reveals, buy Japanese products because of their quality, after-sales service, design and affordability. "I don't care if the product comes from Japan or is made in China, I only care about its quality," said a respondent. Some consumers believe that the history of war is a political issue, with no relevance to business. A Japanese goods buyer said: "That's the real world. You buy what's value for money. There's no way one can deny that Japanese goods are quality products," but added that if any Japanese company got involved in politics in a "negative way", its goods would fall from her grace. But a great number of people said they were in two minds when buying Japanese goods. "Frankly speaking, products made in Japan are superior to ours, so we tend to buy them. It's rational consumer behavior," a respondent said. "However, in terms of politics, the Japanese prime ministers' visits to Yasukuni infuriates all Chinese people." Most respondents who do not buy Japanese commodities share the latter view. Many of those who participated in the survey believe the two nations share many common interests such as bilateral trade and investment and the Japanese government should strengthen bilateral ties. Bilateral trade volume reached 7.36 billion in 2006, up 12.5 percent over the previous year. Japan continues to be China's third-largest trade partner. By the end of November 2006, Japanese firms had invested .45 billion in China. Japan is now the second-largest source of foreign investment in China, after the United States. From January to October 2006, Chinese enterprises invested .18 million in Japan, with total investment from China reaching 9 million. This year is the 35th anniversary of the normalization of China-Japan relations and the 70th anniversary of the "July 7 Incident" that marked the beginning of the War of Resistance against Japanese aggression.

China's work safety agency denied claims that current coal shortage was due to the closure of small, illegal pits."China is not short of coal as the country turned out 2.53 billion tons last year, a rise of 8.2 percent year on year. Output could jump by 3.3. percent this year", said Huang Yi, spokesman for the State Administration of Work Safety (SAWS).The campaign against the illegal collieries is aimed at those without production permits working under risky conditions. The shut-down of 11,155 small coal mines in the past two years means the elimination of that number of potential pit tragedies, said Huang in an online interview with www.ce.cn on Friday.Among the suspended collieries, 7,000 to 8,000 have merged with larger mines. The output of small coal mines still account for one thirds of the national total, or near 900 million tons, the same share before the reshuffle, said the spokesman.The current coal supply strain is temporary and regional, according to Huang.The heavy snow that has fallen since mid-January, the worst in 50 years in much of China, has paralyzed transportation, frozen the power grid and caused serious economic losses. Up to 17 provinces experienced blackouts in the snow-hit areas.Coal mines nationwide are urged to beef up production to ensure power coal supply in the disaster-hit regions.The government has also ordered the railway system giving top priority to power coal transport.Power supply and coal reserves continued to resume in China. Reserves of coal for power generation increased 800,000 tonnes to 25.2 million tonnes on Thursday, equaling 13 days' supply for the country's power plants, said the Disaster Relief and Emergency Command Center under the State Council on Friday night.

Chinese residents along the Huaihe River have been urged to gear up for their second tough combat against floods in a week as the receding flood water on some branches started rising again on Saturday after torrential rains.The upper-reach Nanwan Water Dam and Shishankou Reservoir have got an average rainfall of 150 mm and 315 mm respectively on Friday, resulting a twist in the ongoing combat against the worst flooding on the Huaihe River since 1954. ¡¡ Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao talks to a child during his visit to the flood-hit Funan County in East China's Anhui Province, July 13, 2007. Continuous heavy rainfall has been battering a large part of eastern and southern China, with some parts witnessing the worst floods in decades. [newsphoto]The water level on the crucial Wangjiaba Hydrological Station may soon surge above the danger line as more rains have been forecast in the next few days, said Cheng Dianlong, deputy director of the Office of the Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. Thirteen sluices at Wangjiaba station were opened Tuesday to divert flood water into the Mengwa Buffer Zone home to 150,000 people to provide relief to more than 2 million flood-hit residents in Henan Province. ¡¡ Nearly half a million people have been evacuated from the projected path of floodwater from the Huaihe River by Friday. Cheng said that the Henan hydrological departments on the upper reaches have made good use of reservoirs and water dams to alleviate pressure downstream Saturday. The flux into the Nanwan Reservoir registered at 2,760 cubic meters per second, however that out of the reservoir was¡¡reduced to 200 cubic meters per second. "The Huaihe riverbanks have been lashed by swelling water for several days. Putting up good defense will become increasingly difficult as more torrential rains are to come," he said. The headquarters issued an emergency notice Saturday to all local governments along the Huaihe River, requiring them to surmount fatigue, remain high alert and carry forward the spirit fostered in battling the 1998 Yangtze River flooding which killed more than 3,000 people and inflicted about 100 billion yuan (about 13 billion U.S. dollars) in economic losses. The notice urged them to take all adverse situations into consideration to reinforce preventive measures, continue to put the human first and safeguard the lives and assets of the people by arranging for relocation in advance. Along the Yangtze River, Guizhou, Hunan and Hubei provinces and Chongqing Municipality have been stricken by floodwater as heavy rainfall had lifted up the water levels of some branches. The Pipazui and Zhengjiahe Hydrological Stations on the tributary Fuhe River have both registered their highest water levels in history. Landslides triggered by mountain torrents killed six and caused three missing in Zhijin County of Guizhou Province, affected more than 673,000 people in Chongqing and inflicted the municipality 182 million yuan in direct economic losses. Some 1,630 people in Jingshan County of Hubei were evacuated in emergency as the water collected in downtown areas were 0.5 to 1.5 meter deep. By Friday, a total of 403 Chinese had been killed with 105 missing and 3.17 million people have been relocated as the rainy season coupled with ferocious flood waters continues to batter central and southern China.

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Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has said he will face up to history to help improve Sino-Japanese relations. He made the remarks in an interview with China Central Television (CCTV) which was broadcast yesterday ahead of Premier Wen Jiabao's visit to Japan on Wednesday. Starting with a Chinese greeting Ni Men Hao (How are you), Abe said the China-Japan relationship is one of the most important of bilateral ties for his country; and hoped they could develop into a strategic relationship for mutual benefit. He said he is looking forward to Wen's visit in spring, a season "when the ice is melting and flowers are starting to blossom", and hopes to visit China this year. Abe paid an "ice-breaking" trip to China last October soon after taking office. He met President Hu Jintao and reached agreements that thawed relations chilled by former Japanese prime minister Junichiro Koizumi's repeated visits to the Yasukuni Shrine that honors top Japanese World War II war criminals. Abe said he firmly believes that the "ice" in relations will finally melt when more Chinese people get to know Japan's post-war road of development. He said he hopes Wen's trip, including the summit meeting, would produce substantive results in various fields such as energy, environmental protection and regional security. As Wen's visit also coincides with the 35th anniversary of the normalization of China-Japan relations and the Year of Cultural and Sports Exchanges, Abe said he would like to use the opportunity to invite more Chinese people, especially the younger generation, to visit his country and enhance mutual understanding. Abe said China's development provides a big opportunity to not only Japan, but also Asia and the world at large, citing bilateral trade had hit a record eight years in succession. The volume of trade between the two countries has increased nearly 200 times from .1 billion in 1972, when Sino-Japanese ties were normalized, to 7.4 billion in 2006. "Such an achievement was unimaginable even 10 years ago," Abe said. In another development, a survey published yesterday said that most undergraduates in China and Japan regard the other country as an important nation and 37 percent of them are positive about future China-Japan relations. The survey, jointly conducted by the China's Outlook Weekly and mainstream Japanese newspaper The Daily Yomiuri, polled 1,020 Japanese and 987 Chinese college students in March. Though a majority of respondents are not satisfied with the current state of relations, 37 percent believe relations will "improve" or "greatly improve" in the future. More than 40 percent think the relations will "remain unchanged". More than two-thirds of the Japanese undergraduates chose China as Japan's most important partner for economic growth; whereas Chinese students ranked Japan in second place, following the United States. A majority of both Chinese and Japanese students believe China will become the most influential country in the world. More than half of the Japanese students deemed China would overtake Japan in the next 10 years in terms of GDP.

After 18 months of deliberation and public consultation, legislators passed the long-awaited Labor Contract Law on Friday to improve workers' basic rights. The law, which would take effect on January 1 next year, won 145 of the 146 votes of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC). One vote was not cast. The new law is considered the most significant change in the country's labor rules in more than a decade. It establishes standards for labor contracts, use of temporary workers and severance pay. It makes mandatory the use of written contracts and strongly discourages fixed-term contracts. According to the law, severance should be paid if a fixed-term contract expires but is not renewed without an appropriate reason. It is also stipulated that employers must submit proposed workplace rules or changes concerning pay, work allotment, hours, insurance, safety and holidays to the workers' congress for discussion. After the recent exposure of forced labor in brick kilns in Central and North China, the final draft added stipulations that government officials guilty of abuse of office and dereliction of duty would face administrative penalties or criminal prosecution. Xin Chunying, deputy chairperson of the NPC Law Committee, said the law is not intended to replace the current Labor Law but rather, to further standardize labor contracts in favor of employees. Li Yuan, one of the legislators in charge of drafting the law, said the law targeted bosses and officials who exploited workers. The draft law was first proposed in 2005 amid complaints that companies were mistreating workers by withholding pay, requiring unpaid overtime or failing to provide written contracts. Many workers were also becoming trapped in short-term contracts. Last March, the draft was made public for consultation, and legislators received about 192,000 public responses in a month. Only the Constitution, drafted in 1954, received more. However, business lobbies are worried that stricter contract requirements could raise costs and give them less flexibility to hire and fire employees. Both the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China and the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai (AmCham Shanghai) had made submissions to the NPC, suggesting the law might exert negative influence on foreign investment in China. In a letter to the NPC last year, Serge Janssens de Varebeke, then-president of the European Union chamber, warned the "strict" regulations could force foreign companies to "reconsider new investments or continuing their activities in China" because of possible cost increases. But Xin said there wouldn't be a substantial cost increase for companies that strictly follow the existing Labor Law. "All the principles have been included in the current law. The new law just details the provisions to facilitate implementation," she said.

BEIJING -- The Chinese government on Sunday promulgated a revised decree to strike the activities of driving up prices through hoarding or cheating.The revision was made on the basis of regulations passed in 1999 and amended in February 2006 by the State Council.The new decree, effective as of Sunday, raises the maximum fine to 1 million yuan(US,000), which almost triples the sum in the old regulations, for those who manipulate market prices and ignore the prices advised by the government under emergencies.Commercial associations which deliberately spread rumors on price information can be fined at a maximum of 500,000 yuan. Those who severely violate the decree may have their legal certificates revoked.The State Council and local governments can set profit ratios or price ceilings for key items of goods and services when prices rise too sharp, according to the decree.

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BEIJING - China's currency, the yuan, hit a new high against the US dollar on Thursday, following an overnight key interest rate cut in the United States.The yuan, also known as the renminbi, went up 145 basis points from the previous day to a central parity rate of 7.1853 yuan to one dollar, breaking the 7.19 mark.The Federal Reserve on Wednesday cut US interest rates by a bold half-percentage point as part of its efforts to shore up economic growth.The move came just eight days after the US central bank slashed rates by three quarters of a percentage point, leading the dollar to weaken against other major world currencies.The Chinese currency had appreciated against the greenback by about 12 percent since a new currency regime was imposed in July 2005 to revalue and de-peg it from the dollar.It had climbed 6.9 percent against the dollar in the past year, but some US critics say it remains undervalued, giving Chinese exporters an unfair advantage and resulting in the massive trade imbalance between the two countries.China was not against revaluation of the yuan, but opposed "excessively rapid" appreciation that was inappropriate to its national conditions, Commerce Minister Chen Deming said last month.Premier Wen Jiabao also said China would improve the yuan's exchange rate mechanism in a controllable and gradual manner, let the market play a bigger role in the mechanism and enhance the currency's flexibility.

GENEVA -- China on Tuesday got its first judge on the  World Trade Organization (WTO)'s highest court, six years after the country joined the Geneva-based body.Zhang YuejiaoChinese lawyer Zhang Yuejiao was formally appointed by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) as a member of the seven-person Appellate Body, which issues final rulings in trade disputes, WTO sources said.Jennifer Hillman of the United States, Lilia Bautista of the Philippines and Shotaro Oshima of Japan were also appointed as new members of the top court at a DSB meeting on Tuesday.The appointments were made according to the Dispute Settlement Understanding which stipulates that the Appellate Body shall " comprise persons of recognized authority, with demonstrated expertise in law, international trade and the subject matter of the WTO agreements generally," a WTO statement said.The WTO said Hillman and Bautista would formally join the top court next month, while Zhang and Oshima would join in June. They can serve up to two four-year terms.Zhang, 63, is professor of law at Shantou University in China. She is also an arbitrator on China's International Trade and Economic Arbitration Commission and practises law as a private attorney.Zhang once held positions at the Chinese Ministry of Commerce as well as at the Asian Development Bank.

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SHENYANG -- The Liaoning Provincial Higher People's Court on Monday made a final judgement to uphold the death penalty for a principal in a bogus ant-breeding project that raised 3 billion yuan (7 million) from investors.Last February, Wang Zhendong, board chairman of Yingkou Donghua Trading (Group) Co., Ltd. in northeastern Liaoning Province, was sentenced to death while 15 company managers were given jail sentences of between five and 10 years by the Yingkou Intermediate People's Court.However, Wang and the managers appealed to the provincial high court after the first instance.Wang promised returns of 35 to 60 percent for the fictitious project under the name of Donghua Zoology Culturing Co., Ltd and Donghua Spirit Co., Ltd. between 2002 and 2005.The ants were to be used for making liquor, herbal remedies and as aphrodisiacs.More than 10,000 investors signed contracts with the company before the case was investigated in June 2005.Wang, however, continued to swindle investors who visited the company and told them the business was doing very well. He misused 798 million yuan raised from investors, buying himself luxury goods and lending money to others.One investor committed suicide after realizing he had been duped, the Yingkou court heard. Wang's actions also caused huge economic losses for investors and many subsequently suffered depression, the court said.All of Wang's property was confiscated, while the managers received fines ranging from 100,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan.Also in Liaoning, police in December arrested the chairman of a company that went bust trying to make an aphrodisiac tonic from ants after thousands of angry ant farmers demanded payment.Wang Fengyou, chairman of the Liaoning Yilishen Tianxi Group, was in criminal custody on allegation of instigating social unrest.The company had organized thousands of ant farmers to supply it with insects on condition that they paid a contractual bond. However, it stopped paying its suppliers in November and the angry ant farmers feared they would lose their bonds and payments due.Thousands of ant farmers had gathered at the company offices to demand their money, but Wang allegedly paid company executives and employees to organize protests outside government buildings instead.

NEW YORK - The overheating of the Chinese stock market is a structural problem that will be resolved by developing more financial products and cracking down on illegal activities, a Chinese securities regulatory official said Thursday. Hu Bing, deputy director-general of the market supervision department at the China Securities Regulatory Commission, said at a conference in New York that authorities are seeking to roll out more products to broaden investors' options, such as real estate investment trusts, or REITs, as well as listed infrastructure funds. Other eventual offerings will include derivatives products such as stock-index futures and warrants. These products will be launched "when conditions are ready," Hu said at a China Investment Forum sponsored by Merrill Lynch and Institutional Investor. He said he couldn't provide a clearer timeline for when those products would be ready. Hu acknowledged a "liquidity surplus problem" that is contributing to the overheating of the Chinese stock market and noted that hot-money inflows coming in through illegal channels are exacerbating the problem. Tackling the liquidity issue is a long-term project that "cannot be resolved just by (raising) the interest rate," Hu said. "So the structural problem has to be resolved using structural measures." Earlier this week, the Chinese government tripled its stamp tax on stock trades in an effort to rein in the equity market. The Shanghai Composite Index more than doubled in 2006 and is still up around 50 percent so far in 2007. Hu said China's capital markets are still young and face a "golden opportunity" to develop their depth and breadth. The majority of individual investors rely on rumors or inside information to make their decisions, leading to speculative gains in stocks, he said. Hu said authorities are stepping up efforts to crack down on insider trading, "but because this is a transitioning society in an emerging market, it will take a long time."