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The central government has ordered coal firms to stop driving up prices and said they must honor their supply contracts with power plants in an effort to head off a power shortage.At the request of the National Development and Reform Commission, the China Coal Transportation and Distribution Association has threatened to cancel the license of any company that ignores the order to stabilize prices."Coal producers must strictly implement their contract prices for 2008 and must not take advantage of the current tight supply to raise prices as they like," the association said in a circular issued yesterday.Prices should be held at around the same level as at the end of last year, the circular said.The government is also banning all coal shipments other than those to power plants.The crackdown comes as the country faces a severe power shortage. Several power plants are struggling to secure the coal they need, while others are reducing their output rather than lose money as coal prices soar.Brownouts have already hit at least 13 provinces, and at its peak last week, nationwide demand outstripped supply by nearly 70 gigawatts, the People's Daily newspaper reported yesterday.About 80 percent of China's electricity is generated by burning coal.The crackdown on unsafe mines, high global demand, which pushed up prices and the cold snap that has closed roads and downed cables have added to the problem, an official from the State regulator said.

President Hu Jintao will "elaborate on China's position and propositions on climate change" at the upcoming summit of industrialized nations which features a session on global warming. Assistant Foreign Minister Cui Tiankai told a news briefing yesterday: "China's population is one-fifth of the global population, which means one out of five of the world's people affected by climate change will be in China. "That is why the Chinese government takes this issue very seriously... We need to base our development on energy that is secure and sustainable." Hu will attend an expanded summit of the Group of Eight (G8) in Germany from tomorrow to Friday. The meeting at the Baltic Sea resort of Heiligendamm will bring together leaders of the United States, Britain, Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Russia, and Japan. German Chancellor Angela Merkel is pushing for countries to commit to concrete reductions in the emissions of greenhouse gases believed to cause global warming, and for a 2 C limit on further increases in average temperature. Efforts to stop uranium enrichment by Iran, aid to Africa, currency exchange rates and global growth are also on the agenda. Apart from China, the other developing countries attending the dialogue are India, Brazil, South Africa and Mexico. It will be the fourth time Hu is attending the G8 outreach session since 2003. The earlier three were in France, Britain and Russia. Coinciding with Hu's visit, the Chinese government yesterday released its position paper for the G8 meetings, outlining Beijing's policy on climate change, energy, IPR protection, investment liberalization and African development. Cui reiterated China's long-time and traditional friendship with African countries. "China and African countries have had a very friendly, brotherly partnership since the establishment of New China, since the 1950s, and that has continued up to now," he said. "It can be said that this has been widely praised around the globe," he added. "In this world, there will always be people willing to criticise others. If they want to say something, then that's their business. Whether or not it's true, is another matter." He said China also wants the United Nations to be more involved in preventing conflict. "China maintains that the United Nations has a bigger role to play in conflict prevention and settlement and post-conflict reconstruction in Africa," the paper said. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on Friday praised China's "helpful" role in Sudan. "The Chinese government has been exerting its utmost efforts (on Darfur), as I understand, and appreciate," he said. After Germany, Hu begins a three-day state visit to Sweden, the first by a Chinese head of state in 57 years since the two countries established diplomatic ties. Agencies contributed to the story

WASHINGTON -- The special US envoy on Sudan affairs said Wednesday that important progress has been made toward peace talks on Darfur and China plays a "constructive" role in facilitating such progress."I am very happy with the role the Chinese are playing," Andrew Natsios said in a speech at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a Washington-based think tank."It is a constructive role," Natsios said. "I think the Chinese are like a locomotive that is speeding up."With mediation by China, he said, the Sudanese government has accepted a UN Security Council resolution adopted in July to authorize a hybrid UN-African Union peacekeeping force for the Darfur region.He said the major obstacles to the peace talks now come from the rebel groups rather than the Sudanese government.In a related development, China's Special Representative on African Affairs Liu Guijin said in Beijing on Tuesday that China will send a military liaison officer to Sudan's Darfur.Liu, who has just wrapped up a seven-day visit to the United States and the United Nations, said China has informed the UN of its decision.China also pledged to send a 315-member multi-functional engineering unit to Darfur in early October, which would be the first batch of UN-AU peacekeepers in place, and China will stick to its commitment, Liu said.Liu reiterated China's constructive and unique role in finding a solution to the Darfur issue, saying China has provided much aid and help with regard to the reconstruction and development of Darfur."The US and UN both hold positive views on China's role in resolving the Darfur issue, and hope China will play a bigger role in this regard," said Liu.

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Finance Minister Xie Xuren and his Japanese counterpart Fukushiro Nukaga have agreed to work jointly to end the controversy created by allegedly contaminated China-made dumplings.Chinese Finance Minister Xie Xuren (L) shakes hands with Japan's Finance Minister Fukushiro Nukaga at the latter's office in Tokyo, February 10, 2008. [Xinhua]At the first-ever ministerial-level meeting since the food scare in Japan, the two ministers vowed to "keep searching for the real cause" that made 10 people fall ill after eating the dumplings."We must cooperate in the investigation to get to the root of the problem and to prevent such an incident so that it doesn't become an obstacle to our friendship," Nukaga told reporters in Tokyo yesterday. "And he (Xie) said he completely agreed (with the idea)."The two also agreed to hold another dialogue next month in Tokyo. Xie was in Japan to attend expanded discussions and meetings of the Group of Seven financial ministers. Representatives of Russia, South Korea and Indonesia were also invited to the deliberations.The ministerial-level meeting came four days after Lunar New Year's Eve, when Chinese and Japanese officials met in Tokyo and said they were ready to cooperate in the investigation.China is willing to fully cooperate and share information with Japan, Li Chunfeng, head of the five-member Chinese delegation, told reporters after the third round of talks at the Japanese Cabinet Office on February 6.The country had set up a joint investigation team with Japan to get to the truth as soon as possible, Li said, calling for an objective attitude and scientific measures to solve the problem.A joint investigation team that on Tuesday inspected the plant of Tianyang Food, which made the dumplings, did not find any "abnormality" with the production process."The plant (in Shijiazhuang, capital of Hebei) is very clean and well managed, and no abnormality was detected," Japanese delegation chief Harashima Taiji said on Wednesday.Chinese and Japanese journalists, too, visited the plant, where production was suspended on January 30. The plant employs about 800 people.Also on Wednesday, Japanese Health Minister Yoichi Masuzoe said someone could have deliberately tried to contaminate the dumplings."Judging from circumstantial evidence, we'd have to think that it's highly likely to be a crime," Masuzoe said in Tokyo.Chinese police and law enforcers in Japan's Hyogo prefecture, where the 10 people fell ill, have already set up a joint task force to probe the case.In a joint announcement, Hyogo police said that after finding large amounts of the pesticide methamidophos on and small holes in some of the dumpling packages they suspected someone deliberately tried to poison the product.Tianyang reiterated it has never used methamidophos and that the dumplings were always packed immediately after coming off the production line.China Daily - Agencies

SYDNEY - Chinese President Hu Jintao met here Saturday with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, to exchange views on bilateral ties, the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsular and other issues of common concern.The meeting took place on the sidelines of the 15th Economic Leaders Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum. Both China and Japan are APEC members.All-round Sino-Japanese ties currently maintain a sound momentum of improvement and development, which are widely welcomed by both peoples and the international community, Hu said."Sino-Japanese ties are now at a crucial juncture," Hu said, "we should maintain such a sound trend, and push forward the healthy and steady development of bilateral ties."This year marks the 35th anniversary of the normalization of Sino-Japanese ties. Over the next few months, the two countries will host various activities of friendly exchange, Hu said, hoping that the two sides will cooperate and support each other to make these activities a success, in order to enhance the mutual understanding and friendship of both peoples."We welcome Prime Minister Abe to visit China again this year, and hope both sides will make good preparations to ensure the visit achieve positive results," Hu told Abe.Abe echoed Hu's remarks on bilateral ties, saying bilateral cooperation has made progress in various areas.Bilateral exchanges and cooperation in defense matters have made positive progress, which are of great significance, Abe added.Japan attaches great importance to maintaining high-level contacts with China and is looking forward to conducting more contacts with Chinese leaders this year, Abe said.Japan is ready to work with China to push forward bilateral ties, Abe added.The Chinese president arrived here from Canberra Wednesday to attend the annual APEC Economic Leaders Meeting. He has also paid a state visit to Australia.

XI'AN -- A fire burnt up trees and shrubs on a mountain that shrouds one of the most famed imperial mausoleums in the ancient city of Xi'an in northwest China's Shaanxi Province, but no damage was caused to the cultural relics, local museum officials said on Sunday.The fire broke out around 2:00 p.m. Saturday on the western part of a mountain that encased the tombs of a powerful Chinese empress Wu Zetian and her husband Gaozong in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). The Qianling Mausoleum, as the tombs are called, reportedly houses the most precious possessions of the two rulers, including paintings, ceramics, calligraphy works and jewelry articles.The fire was fanned up by sandstorms which struck the area on Saturday, said Fan Yingfeng, curator of the Qianling Museum.More than 100 local villagers and 15 fire-fighters managed to put out the fire around 3:10 p.m. on Saturday. About 30 trees and a few shrubs were lost to the blaze.Initial investigation showed the fire was caused by a deserted cigarette end in the dry grasses."Although the fire didn't cause any major damage, it reflected an urgent need to educate residents in neighboring villages to guard against fire risks," Fan said.He said lessons should be learnt from the destruction of a 600-year-old Namdaemun gate in Seoul, one of the most treasured landmarks in the Republic of Korea. The two-tiered gate was set ablaze by a man upset over a land dispute.

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National guidelines on economically affordable housing were released on Friday night along with new State measures on housing for low-income families, which come into effect on Saturday.Economically affordable houses ought to be around 60 sq m per unit, said the guidelines jointly released by the Ministry of Construction, the National Development and Reform Commission, and five other ministries.It said eligible purchasers will "have limited property rights", and that the apartments can only be directly sold after five years.Moreover, the document limited fundraising for cooperative housing units to independent mining corporations on the outskirts of cities and enterprises with a significant number of employees with housing problems, while stressing that they must do so with their own properties.Eligible applicants of the Measure on Low-rent Housing Security, meanwhile, are no longer limited to city households with the lowest income, but will also include all lower-income urban families with housing issues.Government subsidies, the usual means of securing housing for these social groups, are to be gathered from rental fees on low-rent housing, credit risk reserves, housing provident funds, social donations and security funds. Local governments must also spend 10 per-cent of the local land-use fees on developing low-rent housing, said the measure, released by nine ministries on Monday.Because situations vary across the 656 cities that had adopted the mechanism as of October, the measure allows special funds to be allocated to central and western regions that find it financially difficult to support the construction of low-rent homes.Additionally, the construction area of these apartments, limited to 50 sq m per unit, should be granted preferential status on a stand-alone basis in land supply schemes and annual land-use applications.Months earlier, the central government urged local governments to reserve at least 70 percent of the land designated for residential construction for units under 90 sq m. But since the housing security system is expected to cover all low-income Chinese families by 2010, implementation of the new measure and relevant policies has a long way to go.Figures from the Ministry of Construction show that nearly 10 million households still live in a housing space, per capita, of less than 10 sq m. Up to the end of 2006, only 268,000 families, or 6.7 percent of all households living on a minimum allowance, and 2.7 percent of all low-income households in China, had benefited from low-rent housing policies.Despite a record 7.04 billion yuan (.52 million) of central government investment in low-income housing so far this year, 50 billion yuan is needed every year for the next five years to continue to broaden coverage, the People's Daily reported.To address the housing problems of urban low-income families, for example, Shanghai is to pour in a total of 2 billion yuan in providing 500,000 sq m of low-rent apartments by the end of this year, Shanghai's Jiefang Daily reported on Friday.The money will come from the 8.3 billion yuan coffers of the Shanghai public housing reserve fund.Cong Chen, a staffer at the Department of Policy and Regulation of Shanghai Provident Fund Management Center, confirmed the information.The project, launched last month, has already secured 150,000 sq m of land in Jiading, Baoshan and several other districts in Shanghai, 70 percent of which are completed flats.These flats are said to be lo-cated in areas with comparatively mature transportation and living facilities, such as metro stations and bus stops, for the convenience of low-income tenants, the Jiefang Daily said.

SINGAPORE: China and the United States plan to set up a defense hotline aimed at improving military relations, a top Chinese general said over the weekend. Zhang Qinsheng, deputy chief of the general staff of the People's Liberation Army, made the remarks at the plenary session of a three-day security summit known as the Shangri-La Dialogue. He said the issue of the hotline between the Chinese military and the US Defense Department would be settled when he visits the United States in September for the ninth Sino-US defense talks. Zhang also told the summit that China's defense budget is authentic. As the Chinese military gradually modernizes, some have raised questions over "military transparency", and voiced suspicions on China's defense budget. So it is necessary to clarify the matter, Zhang said. "In China, defense budgeting must follow a set of strict legal procedures, and the published budget is true and authentic," he said. He added that the increased proportion of the defense budget is mostly used to make up for inflation, improve the welfare of military personnel and logistics support. "Given the multiple security threats, the geo-political environment, the size of the territory, and per-capita expense, the Chinese defense expenditure is small by any yardstick," he added. He stressed that "China is gradually making progress in military transparency following the principles of trust, responsibility, security and equality". The annual Shangri-La Dialogue, named after the Singapore hotel at which the event has been held since its launch in 2002, and organized by the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies, opened on Friday. It gathered defense ministers and top officials from 26 countries and regions in the Asia-Pacific region and Europe to address major regional security issues and defense cooperation. Also at the meeting, the US and China turned down the heat on a dispute over Beijing's military build-up, with US Defence Secretary Robert Gates expressing optimism about future relations. Gates downplayed past US rhetoric on China's military might. "As we gain experience in dealing with each other, relationships can be forged that will build trust over time," Gates said. China Daily - Agencies

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CHANGSHA -- Central China's Hunan Province said it has taken effective measures to prevent epidemics after about 2 billion rats chomped their way through cropland around the Dongting Lake, the country's second largest freshwater lake. "It's not possible for rodent-borne diseases to break out in the lake area," said Chen Xiaochun, vice director of the provincial health department. Local health authorities have been watching closely over the rodent situation after the rats fled their flooded island homes and invaded 22 counties around the Dongting Lake last week, he told a press conference on Wednesday. Results of their observation are reported daily to the provincial health department and the public, he said. Meanwhile, local health and disease prevention and control authorities have intensified management of raticide and pesticide, for fear they might contaminate food and water, Chen added. No human infection of any rat-borne disease has been reported in the central Chinese province since 1944. The provincial government also ruled out widespread suspicions that rats flooded the area because one of their natural enemies -- snakes -- had been served at dinner tables. "The Dongting Lake area is not an ideal habitat for snakes," said Deng Sanlong, a top forestry official in the province, "and the only two species that inhabitate the region feed largely on fish and frogs." He said the top enemy of the rats are hawks that spend winter in the wetland around the lake but fly away in spring. China's Ministry of Agriculture and the Hunan provincial government have allocated 900,000 yuan in total to eradicate the rats.

BEIJING - The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), the country's top think tank, published its eighth annual report on Monday and introduced a new international strategy.The report - "China's Modernization 2008" - proposed a brand new concept, the so-called "Peace Dove Strategy".The strategy, with the principle of "Follow the UN Charter and Promote World Peace", calls for the building of a favorable international environment for China's modernization.The "Peace Dove Strategy" makes the United Nations the head of the Dove.Asian nations are the foreside; the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation is the eastern wing, and the proposed "Asia-Europe Economic Cooperation", which is upgraded from the existing Asia-Europe Meeting, is the western wing.South America, Oceania and Africa bring up the rear.The strategy, which centers on Asia and faces the world, calls for cooperation of all member nations on an equal, mutually beneficial basis.Under the strategy, China will optimize the structure of its international modernization strategy, increase its national capacity in international modernization, and improve the international environment for the country, according to He Chuanqi, head of the CASS Center on the Study of China's Modernization.The strategy was created drawing upon international experience of the past 300 years and the history and realities of China's international modernization, the official said.The report has been published and distributed as a single volume by the Beijing University Publishing House.