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BEIJING, April 2 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang Thursday warned the need to find jobs for college graduates was "crucial".     "The employment situation of college graduates remains grave," he told a video conference held by the State Council, the Cabinet.     More than 6 million college students were leaving school in just three months and the employment rate was generally lower than previous years, Zhang said without elaborating.     China has 6.11 million college students due to graduate this year, and 1 million from last year are still looking for jobs, according to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.     Graduates are having a hard time finding jobs this year as posts are being axed due to the economic slowdown.     Zhang urged government organs, government-sponsored institutions, and state-owned enterprises to hire as many people as last year, and small and medium-sized and private companies to employ college graduates.     The State Council unveiled in February a series of measures to boost employment of college graduates, calling on them to be more flexible.     The measures included encouraging graduates to work in rural areas, in grassroots urban communities, and in smaller enterprises, asking research institutions to recruit graduates, and stepping up support for graduates starting up their own businesses.     Zhang asked local government departments to work out detailed and feasible measures and make efforts to publicize the measures this month.     Government departments and higher learning institutions should provide comprehensive services to graduates by offering advice, giving aid to the poor, and maintaining a sound employment market, he said.

BEIJING, Feb. 13 (Xinhua) -- A new entry in government-issued press cards, to be added later this month, might help many Chinese reporters persuade tight-lipped officials to talk.     The entry will say: "The governments at all levels should facilitate the reporting of journalists who hold this card and provide necessary assistance."     "Without a proper reason, government officials must not refuse to be interviewed," said Zhu Weifeng, a senior official with the General Administration of Press and Publication.     Many considered this a positive signal that the authorities welcomed supervision from the media.     The new press card statement followed a regulation on the disclosure of government information, effective last May, which was the first government rule safeguarding citizens' right to be informed.     "Media and public supervision are among the arrangements the country is making to control the power of the state and protect civil rights," said Li Yunlong, a human rights expert at the Institute for International Strategies of the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC).     "How to prevent state power from infringing on civil rights is a very important issue in human rights protection," Li said.     This week, the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva conducted its first review of China's human rights record, and it acknowledged the country's efforts in human rights protection.     The country took a long and winding road to acceptance of the concept of "civil rights" but was headed in the right direction, Li said. "I have seen a trend toward increasing supervision of the authorities and more restrictions on their power."     Mo Jihong, a research follow with the Law Institute under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, saw the same trend in legislation. "The changes in the Constitution were obvious," said Mo.     China's first three Constitutions, issued respectively in 1954,in 1975 and 1978, all had a chapter on the fundamental rights and duties of citizens. But none of those versions defined "citizen," which affected the implementation of these items, he said.     The current Constitution, adopted in 1982, closed this loophole and put the chapter on citizens' rights before that of the structure of the state, he said.     "It showed the country acknowledged that the state derived its legitimacy through protecting citizens' rights, rather than by giving rights to citizens."     In 2004, an amendment to the Constitution added an article stating that the state respects and preserves human rights.     "Through the amendments, the Constitution gave more responsibility to state organs to protect civil rights," Mo said.     The country has also adopted laws to restrict the exercise of state power. In 1990, the law on litigation against the administration provided the first way for the common people to sue government departments.     Further, the law on legislation, adopted in 2000, included an article stating that only laws can limit personal freedom. This had the effect of barring any authority, except the legislature, from issuing regulations or rules to limit personal freedom.     "But the implementation of laws remained a problem," Mo said. "The authorities who enforce the laws should be carefully watched."     Li noted that China's unique culture played a role. Traditionally, Chinese seldom talk about "rights" but instead stress the concept of people's obedience to the society.     "Civil right is a concept borrowed from the West. That's why it will take time to make everyone aware of it, especially those holding power," he said.     "But we should not give up because we don't have such a tradition," he said. "China does not need to make itself a Western nation but can explore its own way based on its own culture and reality," he said.     Last year, in the wake of an increasing number of protests nationwide, the government launched a campaign requiring officials to talk with citizens and consider their requests regularly. The move proved to be an effective way to ease public anger and reduce misunderstanding.     A trial program to invite independent inspectors to detention houses in northeast Jilin Province also received acclaim as an innovation in this field.     The two-year program ended late last year. The 20 independent inspectors, who were teachers, doctors, businessmen and community workers, examined conditions in these detention houses and examined their records so as to ensure that custody procedures were in line with the law and detainees were not treated inhumanely.     "The concept of 'putting people first' raised by the present CPC leadership can be regarded as an effort to respect and protect civil rights," Li said.

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BEIJING, Feb. 6 (Xinhua) -- The worst drought in half a century in northern China will continue until next month, although it will be eased slightly by rainfall forecasted for the next ten days, according to the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) on Friday.     In March, rainfall in most parts of the wheat-growing areas in northern China is expected to be slightly less or close to normal. However, the wheat crops in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Henan and Anhui will continue to suffer, said Xiao Ziniu, director of the National Climate Center (NCC) under the CMA said at a videoconference. Workers of a power company help a farmer to irrigate the field in Wuhe County, east China's Anhui Province, Feb. 5, 2009. China raised the drought emergency class Thursday from level two to level one, the highest alert, in response to the worst drought to hit northern China in half a century, according to a State Council meeting.China declared the highest level of emergency on Thursday in response to the rare drought which began in November. President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao have ordered all-out efforts to combat the severe drought in the country's vast wheat-growing area to ensure a good summer harvest.     About half of the total, or 78.77 million mu (5.25 million hectares) of the affected wheat lands have been irrigated in the nation's eight wheat-growing provinces as of Feb. 5, according to data released by the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) on Friday. Soldiers of armed police force help a farmer to irrigate his field in Huainan, east China's Anhui Province, Feb. 5, 2009. The ministry said it would offer farmers subsidies on irrigation equipment purchase to aid the relief work. Prices of the facilities should not be higher than the market price for last year.     Buying water pump and the watering machinery will be subsidized to meet the urgent demand of the anti-drought effort, said an official with the ministry, stressing that the product quality should be insured.     The area of affected crops has expanded to 161 million mu by Feb. 6. 4.37 million people and 2.1 million livestock are facing drinking water shortage, according to data released by the Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. People barrel drinking water supplied by the local government at Chengguan Township in Ruyang County of Luoyang City, central China's Henan Province, Feb. 4, 2009. The city had received a reduced effective rainfall since October 2008, almost 80 percent less than in the same period of previous years. The local government has allocated some 25 million yuan (3.65 million U.S. dollars) for drought relief and crops protectionThe scarcity of rain in some parts of the north and central provinces is the worst in recorded history, as the drought spanned from autumn to winter -- a weather trend not witnessed in years, according to Sun Zhengcai, the Minister of Agriculture. The situation in some areas is extremely severe, he said.     Lack of rain has created a layer of three-to-ten-centimeter of dry soil in many parts of northern China, Sun said.     As the drought will not be relieved in the short-run, more seedlings are likely to be killed as spring approaches, which could threatened the summer harvest. Photo taken on Feb. 5, 2009 shows a dead wheat seedling in the farmland of Taiping township of Huining County, northwest China's Gansu Province. The county has suffered from serious drought since September 2008 with about 150,667 hektares of farmland and 184,000 people and 326,000 livestocks short of water. MOA data showed more than 2.3 million mu of wheat seedlings in Henan, Anhui and Shandong provinces had perished.     This year's summer harvest became more unpredictable as Puccinia striiformis, or stripe rust, one of the most damaging wheat disease began to show signs of spreading across the nation, MOA warned.     The dangerous disease, which could cause losses up to 40 percent, has affected more than 11.3 million mu (753,000 hectares) of wheat in seven provinces, 4.6 million mu more than the same period last year. The northwestern Gansu and Ningxia saw the worst outbreak in 19 years.

BEIJING, April 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi made a phone conversation with his U.S. counterpart Hillary Clinton on Sunday, expressing concerns over Chinese nationals killed and injured in Friday's Binghamton shooting rampage.     According to preliminary investigation results, four Chinese women were among the people killed in the shooting and another Chinese national was injured. The American Civic Association is cordoned off in Binghamton, New York, the United States, April 4, 2009. Chinese are among the dead in Binghamton Shooting, Chinese consulate cities police sources"This was a very serious incident and the Chinese government is deeply concerned about it," Yang said.     "We grieve over the death of the Chinese nationals and other victims, and our condolences go to the injured people as well as the victims' families," he said.     China hopes the United States will properly handle the matters concerning the Chinese victims, offer immediate medical treatment to the injured Chinese, and provide the victims' families with timely and sufficient assistance as well as convenience to get visas to America, Yang said.     The Chinese Embassy and the Consulate-General in New York are both making urgent contacts with the U.S. side over the issue, he added.     Yang also urged the U.S. to take necessary measures to ensure the safety of the Chinese nationals and their properties in the United States.     Clinton, for her part, extended condolences to the Chinese victims and their families.     She said the shooting was a tragedy and investigations have been underway into the cause.     The United States will be serious with China's requests, she said, pledging all efforts to offer medical treatment to the injured Chinese and to provide the victims' families with timely and comprehensive assistance to get visas to her country.     Thirteen people were killed and four others wounded Friday in the shooting spree by a lone gunman at an immigrant services centre in downtown Binghamton, New York.     Binghamton Mayor Matthew Ryan described the shooting as "a tragedy that affects many different people from many different countries and their families and friends."     There have been inquires from nine different countries and two different consulates, Ryan told a press conference.

JEJU, ROK, April 4 (Xinhua) -- Li Changchun, a senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC), unveiled a new Confucius Institute here Saturday soon after his arrival.     Li, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, cut the ribbon for the Republic of Korea's 13th Confucius Institute, the Chinese-teaching institution overseas.     The institute was set up in Cheju Halla College, the largest private institute of high learning in Jeju Special-Governing Province of the Republic of Korea (ROK).     When addressing the opening ceremony, Li said that China and ROK were inter-linked geographically and culturally. "The cultural exchanges boast profound historic foundation and favorable realistic environment," he said. Li Changchun (L2), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, unveils the Confucius Institute set up in Cheju Halla College, in Jeju, the Republic of Korea (ROK), April 4, 2009During the past centuries, the peoples of China and ROK learn from each other, thus contributing to the development of the colorful culture in East Asia, Li said.     "With concerted efforts made by both, I believe that the cultural exchanges between our two countries will see even more vigorous growth, making active contribution to the development of China-ROK strategic and cooperative relations," he said.     Jeju is known for its natural scenery and become a major tourist destination for Chinese travelers. "I think the new Confucius Institute can surely add a new human landmark to the beautiful natural vista in Jeju," he said.     Li also donated a batch of Chinese language teaching textbooks, books on Chinese history and culture and some audio-video materials to the institute.     The world's first Confucius Institute was launched in Seoul, capital of the ROK, in December 2004. By March 2009, some 256 Confucius Institutes and 58 Confucius Classrooms were set up in 81countries and regions worldwide.     Li arrived in Jeju earlier Saturday. ROK is the last leg of Li's four-nation tour which has already taken him to Australia, Myanmar and Japan.

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SHENYANG, Feb. 18 (Xinhua) -- A senior Party official on Tuesday called for all-out efforts to safeguard fairness, justice and social stability, through improving the political and legal work and developing the law-enforcement sector.     Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, made the remarks at a workshop on political and legal work and safeguarding stability in northeast China, held in Shenyang, the capital of northeastern Liaoning Province.     Zhou, who also heads the Central Political Science and Law Commission (CPSLC) of the CPC, made an inspection tour of the three northeastern provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning from Feb. 11-16 and attended the workshop on Wednesday.     The senior Party official urged local authorities, political and legal departments in particular, to implement central government's policies and integrate their efforts to safeguard social stability with efforts to achieve economic development.     "Social stability relies on economic development," he said.     Zhou told local authorities to conduct an assessment on social risks before deciding on a new policy. Officials should visit communities and villages to hear complaints from the people and learn about people's will, so as to resolve contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level, he said.     The official urged leading officials and law-enforcers to play a role in protecting the dignity and authority of socialist legal system.     "Every citizen must express their will and protect their rights in a reasonable and lawful way, so as to jointly safeguard the general stable situation of reforms and development," he said.     Law-enforcement must always give top priority to the Party's cause, the people's rights and interests, and the Constitution and law, Zhou said. He urged law-enforcers to be a guard for the safety of people's life and properties as well as social fairness and justice.     The workshop was presided by Minister of Public Security Meng Jianzhu, who is also a state councilor and deputy secretary of the CPSLC.     Wang Shengjun, president of the Supreme People's Court, also spoke at the workshop.

BEIJING, Feb. 27 (Xinhua) -- China lodged another stern representation to Japan on Friday over Japanese Foreign Minister Hirofumi Nakasone's remarks that the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between Japan and United States is applicable to the Diaoyu Islands.     According to the reports by the Taiwan-based Broadcasting Corporation of China (BCC), an official of the U.S. State Department, familiar with East Asian affairs, said at a press conference in Washington on Friday that the Diaoyu Islands were always under Japan's administrative jurisdiction and the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between Japan and United States was applicable to them.     Japanese Foreign Minister Hirofumi Nakasone echoed the U.S. official's remarks afterwards.     Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Ma Zhaoxu rejected Nakasone's remarks later in a press release, saying the Japan-U.S. Mutual Cooperation and Security Treaty should not harm the interests of third parties, including China.     "Any words and deeds that bring the Diaoyu Islands into the scope of the Japan-U.S. Mutual Cooperation and Security Treaty are absolutely unacceptable for the Chinese people," he said.     Ma stressed again that the Diaoyu Islands and adjacent islets had been Chinese territories since ancient times and China held "indisputable" sovereignty over the islands.     "We have lodged stern representations to Japan again and required the United States to clarify reports on the issue," he said.     He also urged the two countries to realize the great sensitivity of the Diaoyu Islands issue and proceed with discretion in word and deed, so as to avoid damage to the general interests of China-Japan and China-U.S. relations and regional stability.

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XI'AN, March 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang urged local governments Tuesday to accelerate industrial restructuring and development in western regions and boost domestic consumption to offset the impact of the global downturn.     Li made the remarks during an inspection tour of the country's northwestern Shaanxi Province, which ran from Sunday to Tuesday. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L) talks with a salesman about the process of bringing home appliances to the countryside in a market of Yan'an, a city of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, on March 17, 2009. Li Keqiang made an inspection of Shaanxi Province recentlyHe urged local authorities to take measures to achieve smooth, relatively rapid economic growth this year. He urged the Chinese people to be confident in coping with uncertain times.     "Equipment manufacturing is a sector of strategic importance. Local governments should do more to implement industry stimulus plans, promote innovation and build up large domestic companies," he said. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (R, Front) shakes hands with a veteran in a beadhouse in Yan'an, a city of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, on March 17, 2009. Li urged companies to develop new technology, new products and foster new industries to become more competitive.     He also called on local governments to sincerely apply policies aimed at helping farmers buy household appliances to stimulate consumption, as potential demand in western and rural areas was huge.     As of Feb. 1, China's more than 900 million farmers became eligible for subsidies equal to 13 percent of the price of designated home appliances. The subsidy was originally offered in a pilot program in three provinces in 2007. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (2nd, R) inspects in a workshop of AVIC Xi'An Aircraft Industry (Group) Company in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, on March 17, 2009

BEIJING, March 21 (Xinhuanet) -- Against backdrop of world's financial crisis, China will play a vital role in world's economic recovery, said Murilo Portugal, Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on Saturday in Beijing. I think China's role is very important. Its fast growth has already made important contribution to the world economy, and it will continue playing that vital role in world's economic recovery, Portugal said on the first day of the three-day China Economic Forum 2009.     China's financial policy has long been very self-regulated and prudent. Besides, China has large quantity of foreign exchange reserves and debts equaling to 20% of its GDP. Based on that, China can make great contribution to the world economic recovery, Portugal added. Murilo Portugal, Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) delivers speech at the academic summit of China's Development and Reform in the Global Financial Crisis of China Development Forum 2009 in Beijing, capital of China, Mar. 21, 2009. Over fifty leaders of multinational corporations, senior officials of international organizations and well-known scholars are invited to attend the 3-day forum this year which focus on the topic of China's development and reform in the global financial crisis    He went on to say that the economic stimulus plan that China unveiled last November, stipulating that the investment from 2008 to 2010 will equal 13% of its GDP, is undeniably a huge contribution to the world growth.     Portugal said that he is confident that China will achieve high positive growth this year though the growth rate will lower than last year.     China has announced a 4 trillion-yuan (585 billion U.S. dollars) two-year economic stimulus package to boost growth and domestic demand, 1.18 trillion yuan of which will be funded by the central government.     The stimulus package plan has four major components, including large-scale government spending, industrial restructuring and rejuvenation, scientific research and social safety net.     Economic recovery depends on effective measures     The IMF predicted that world economic recession will further deepen in 2009 with world's per capita GDP probably dropping 2% or even lower, and World's total GDP also slumping and other related indexes further going down, Portugal said in his speech at the forum.     He said that the economic recovery, to a large extent, depends on whether the governments of different countries can take effective measures to reform their financial institutions and systems.     He added that if the financial and monetary conditions were improved, then the world would jump out of the current crisis at an earlier date. If the signs of recovery could appear in the second half of this year or in this summer, then the world could gradually walk out of this financial crisis.     In another report, the IMF said on Thursday that the world economy is expected to contract in 2009 for the first time in 60 years as advanced economies will shrink sharply.     Global activity will contract by 0.5 to 1 percent on an annual average basis, the first such fall in 60 years, the IMF said in an analysis provided to the Group of 20 (G20) industrialized and emerging market economies.     Advanced economies will suffer deep recessions in 2009, while the United States will contract 2.6 percent, the assessment said.     Capital injection into IMF at G20     Responding to the question of capital injection into the IMF at the upcoming G20 summit in London, Portugal said the IMF had enough resources to manage the problems the world economy is facing now.     From the start of economic crisis, our credit capability is 250 billion U.S. dollars, among which we have used 50 billion dollars, so we still have 200 billion dollars left, said Portugal, adding that we hope to prepare for the worst to come, if more countries need our financial support. So far, we have got some commitments on capital injection from some countries.     He said that Japan is the first country to make such commitment. The IMF has signed the agreement with Japan, which has pledged to add 100 billion U.S. dollars to IMF's funds. We can lend the money out, said Portugal.     Ahead of the G20 summit, the United States is calling for trebling of the IMF's resources to help countries facing financial and economic problems.     In preparation for the summit, finance ministers and central bankers from the G20 agreed last weekend to boost the IMF's funding capacity, but gave no figures.